{"id":10040,"date":"2026-02-10T14:46:01","date_gmt":"2026-02-10T13:46:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/?p=10040"},"modified":"2026-02-06T15:07:26","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T14:07:26","slug":"recky-slovnik-pro-turisty","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/recky-slovnik-pro-turisty\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze \u2013 v restauraci, obchod\u011b nebo na ulici. Slovn\u00edk pro turisty."},"content":{"rendered":"\n

P\u0159i dovolen\u00e9 v \u0158ecku <\/a>v\u00e1m znalost z\u00e1kladn\u00edch fr\u00e1z\u00ed v m\u00edstn\u00edm jazyce m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnadnit a zp\u0159\u00edjemnit cestu. Od pozdrav\u016f p\u0159es objedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00eddla a\u017e po dotazy na cestu \u2013 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze usnadn\u00ed navazov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00e9ho kontaktu s m\u00edstn\u00edmi obyvateli a dodaj\u00ed v\u00e1m sebev\u011bdom\u00ed p\u0159i ka\u017edodenn\u00edm kontaktu. Jak\u00e1 slova byste m\u011bli pou\u017e\u00edvat v b\u011b\u017en\u00fdch situac\u00edch? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Je t\u011b\u017ek\u00e9 nau\u010dit se \u0159ecky?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0158eck\u00e1 abeceda je jednou z nejstar\u0161\u00edch abeced na sv\u011bt\u011b, jej\u00ed ko\u0159eny sahaj\u00ed a\u017e do antiky. Skl\u00e1d\u00e1 se z 24 p\u00edsmen, z nich\u017e mnoh\u00e1 souvisej\u00ed s matematikou a v\u011bdou \u2013 v t\u011bchto oblastech se \u0161iroce pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed dodnes. Nap\u0159\u00edklad p\u00edsmena jako alfa (\u03b1), beta (\u03b2), gama (\u03b3) a delta (\u03b4) jsou \u0161iroce uzn\u00e1v\u00e1na a zn\u00e1me je ji\u017e od z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0161koly. Ka\u017ed\u00e9 p\u00edsmeno m\u00e1 jedine\u010dn\u00fd zvuk, co\u017e foneticky usnad\u0148uje u\u010den\u00ed \u0159e\u010dtiny, proto\u017ee v\u011bt\u0161ina slov se vyslovuje tak, jak se p\u00ed\u0161e. U\u010den\u00ed se \u0159eck\u00e9 abecedy je kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdm krokem k pochopen\u00ed a zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed \u0159e\u010dtiny, proto\u017ee otev\u00edr\u00e1 dve\u0159e ke spr\u00e1vn\u00e9 v\u00fdslovnosti a psan\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158e\u010dina se m\u016f\u017ee zpo\u010d\u00e1tku zd\u00e1t obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1, a to p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm kv\u016fli sv\u00e9 charakteristick\u00e9 abeced\u011b a jedine\u010dn\u00fdm gramatick\u00fdm pravidl\u016fm. Mnoho lid\u00ed v\u0161ak shled\u00e1v\u00e1 \u0159e\u010dtinu relativn\u011b snadnou na u\u010den\u00ed ve srovn\u00e1n\u00ed s jin\u00fdmi jazyky, zejm\u00e9na d\u00edky jej\u00ed fonetick\u00e9 povaze. Slova se obvykle vyslovuj\u00ed p\u0159esn\u011b tak, jak jsou naps\u00e1na, co\u017e eliminuje mnoho nejasnost\u00ed ve v\u00fdslovnosti a nau\u010dit se \u0159ecky je m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fdm \u00fakolem. \u0158eck\u00e1 abeceda se sice li\u0161\u00ed od latinsk\u00e9 abecedy, ale m\u00e1 mnoho p\u00edsmen, kter\u00e1 vypadaj\u00ed a zn\u00ed podobn\u011b. Stejn\u011b jako u jak\u00e9hokoli jazyka i studium \u0159e\u010dtiny vy\u017eaduje \u010das a praxi, ale se spr\u00e1vn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edstupem a pravideln\u00fdm procvi\u010dov\u00e1n\u00edm ji m\u016f\u017eete zvl\u00e1dnout a u\u017e\u00edvat si v\u00fdhod, kter\u00e9 jej\u00ed znalost p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"Kr\u00e1sn\u00fd<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Pozdravy a zdvo\u0159ilostn\u00ed fr\u00e1ze<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9 pozdravy jsou kl\u00ed\u010dem k nav\u00e1z\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00e1telsk\u00fdch vztah\u016f s \u0158eky. Stoj\u00ed za to nau\u010dit se n\u011bkolik z\u00e1kladn\u00edch slov, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1m pomohou prolomit ledy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0158ekov\u00e9 kladou velk\u00fd d\u016fraz na zdvo\u0159ilost a zdraven\u00ed. R\u00e1no a\u017e do poledne pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u201e\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03bc\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u201c (kalimera), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201edobr\u00e9 r\u00e1no\u201c. Odpoledne a ve\u010der pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed \u201e\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03c3\u03c0\u03ad\u03c1\u03b1\u201c (kalispera), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201edobr\u00fd ve\u010der\u201c. Na konci dne, p\u0159ed span\u00edm, \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed \u201e\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03b7\u03bd\u03cd\u03c7\u03c4\u03b1\u201c (kalinihta), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201edobrou noc\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ot\u00e1zka\u00a0 \u201eJak se m\u00e1\u0161?\u201c je \u201e\u03a4\u03b9 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03b9\u03c2;\u201c (Ti kanis?). Odpov\u011b\u010f m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u201e\u03a0\u03bf\u03bb\u03cd \u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ac\u201c (Poli kala), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201eVelmi dob\u0159e\u201c. Pokud se s n\u011bk\u00fdm setk\u00e1v\u00e1te poprv\u00e9, je dobr\u00e9 \u0159\u00edct \u201e\u03a7\u03ac\u03c1\u03b7\u03ba\u03b1!\u201c (Harika!), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201eR\u00e1d v\u00e1s pozn\u00e1v\u00e1m\u201c. Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 \u0159eck\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze jsou \u201e\u03b5\u03c5\u03c7\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03ce\u201c (efharisto) \u2013 \u201ed\u011bkuji\u201c a \u201e\u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u201c (parakalo) \u2013 \u201epros\u00edm\u201c. Pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00ed se velmi \u010dasto a nepochybn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bj\u00ed k pozitivn\u00edm reakc\u00edm m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel. Kdy\u017e se chceme omluvit, pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me fr\u00e1zi \u201e\u03c3\u03c5\u03b3\u03b3\u03bd\u03ce\u03bc\u03b7\u201c (signomi). To je velmi d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 slovo, kter\u00e9 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 v mnoha situac\u00edch, od n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho \u0161l\u00e1pnut\u00ed n\u011bkomu na nohu a\u017e po \u017e\u00e1dost o pozornost.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fr\u00e1ze pro pomoc s orientac\u00ed<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ztratit se v ciz\u00edm m\u011bst\u011b m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stresuj\u00edc\u00ed, ale znalost n\u011bkter\u00fdch z\u00e1kladn\u00edch \u0159eck\u00fdch fr\u00e1z\u00ed v\u00e1m nalezen\u00ed cesty v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnadn\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Na ot\u00e1zku \u201eKde je\u2026?\u201c pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1me fr\u00e1zi \u201e\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9\u201c (pu ine). Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201eKde je autobusov\u00e1 zast\u00e1vka?\u201c je „\u03c0\u03bf\u03cd \u03b5\u03af\u03bd\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b7 \u03c3\u03c4\u03ac\u03c3\u03b7 \u03c4\u03bf\u03c5 \u03bb\u03b5\u03c9\u03c6\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03bf\u03c5;“ (pu ine i stasi tu leoforiou). Chceme-li se zeptat, jak se na n\u011bjak\u00e9 m\u00edsto dostat, \u0159ekneme \u201e\u03c0\u03ce\u03c2 \u03c0\u03ac\u03c9 \u03c3\u03c4\u03bf…\u201c (pos pao sto…), na konec p\u0159id\u00e1me n\u00e1zev m\u00edsta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pokud pot\u0159ebujeme pomoc, vyu\u017eijeme fr\u00e1zi „\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b5 \u03b2\u03bf\u03b7\u03b8\u03ae\u03c3\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5;“ (bor\u00edte na me voith\u00edsete?), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 „M\u016f\u017eete mi pomoci?“ Je to velmi zdvo\u0159il\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak z\u00edskat pomoc od m\u00edstn\u00edch obyvatel.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Objedn\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00eddla a n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva restaurace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0158eck\u00e1 kuchyn\u011b<\/a> je neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b bohat\u00e1 a rozmanit\u00e1, a p\u0159i n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b taverny m\u016f\u017eete uplatnit fr\u00e1ze, kter\u00e9 usnadn\u00ed objedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed m\u00edstn\u00edch pochoutek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kdy\u017e si chceme n\u011bco objednat, \u0159ekneme \u201e\u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1\u201c (tha \u00edthela), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 \u201echt\u011bl bych\u201c. Nap\u0159\u00edklad \u201eDal bych si k\u00e1vu\u201c je \u201e\u03b8\u03b1 \u03ae\u03b8\u03b5\u03bb\u03b1 \u03ba\u03b1\u03c6\u03ad\u201c (tha \u00edthela kaf\u00e9). Po j\u00eddle m\u016f\u017eeme po\u017e\u00e1dat o \u00fa\u010det vysloven\u00edm \u201e\u03c4\u03bf\u03bd \u03bb\u03bf\u03b3\u03b1\u03c1\u03b9\u03b1\u03c3\u03bc\u03cc, \u03c0\u03b1\u03c1\u03b1\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ce\u201c (ton logariasm\u00f3, parakal\u00f3).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u011bhem j\u00eddla se vyplat\u00ed pou\u017e\u00edvat fr\u00e1ze jako \u201e\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ae \u03cc\u03c1\u03b5\u03be\u03b7\u201c (kal\u00ed \u00f3reksi) \u2013 \u201eDobrou chu\u0165.\u201c a \u201e\u03b3\u03b5\u03b9\u03b1 \u03bc\u03b1\u03c2!\u201c (yi\u00e1 mas!) \u2013 „Na zdrav\u00ed!“ p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edpitku.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"antick\u00e9<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva obchodu a dotaz na cenu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nakupov\u00e1n\u00ed v \u0158ecku m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt skute\u010dn\u00fdm pot\u011b\u0161en\u00edm, zvl\u00e1\u0161t\u011b pokud um\u00edte komunikovat v \u0159e\u010dtin\u011b. Je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 zn\u00e1t p\u00e1r fr\u00e1z\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v takov\u00fdch situac\u00edch pou\u017e\u00edt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Z\u00e1kladn\u00ed ot\u00e1zky, kter\u00e9 by se mohly hodit, jsou \u201e\u03c0\u03cc\u03c3\u03bf \u03ba\u03bf\u03c3\u03c4\u03af\u03b6\u03b5\u03b9 \u03b1\u03c5\u03c4\u03cc;\u201c (p\u00f3so kost\u00edzei aft\u00f3?) \u2013 „Kolik to stoj\u00ed?“ a „\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03ce \u03bd\u03b1 \u03ad\u03c7\u03c9 \u03b1\u03c0\u03cc\u03b4\u03b5\u03b9\u03be\u03b7;“ (bor\u00f3 na \u00e9ho ap\u00f3dixi?) \u2013 „M\u016f\u017eu dostat \u00fa\u010dtenku?“<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hodit se v\u00e1m m\u016f\u017ee tak\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze „\u03b4\u03ad\u03c7\u03b5\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c0\u03b9\u03c3\u03c4\u03c9\u03c4\u03b9\u03ba\u03ad\u03c2 \u03ba\u03ac\u03c1\u03c4\u03b5\u03c2;“ (d\u00e9chestete pistotik\u00e9s k\u00e1rtes?), co\u017e znamen\u00e1 „P\u0159ij\u00edm\u00e1te kreditn\u00ed karty?“ Pokud chceme jednat o cen\u011b, m\u016f\u017eeme se zeptat „\u03bc\u03c0\u03bf\u03c1\u03b5\u03af\u03c4\u03b5 \u03bd\u03b1 \u03bc\u03bf\u03c5 \u03ba\u03ac\u03bd\u03b5\u03c4\u03b5 \u03ad\u03ba\u03c0\u03c4\u03c9\u03c3\u03b7;“ (bor\u00edte na mou k\u00e1nete \u00e9kptosi?) \u2013 \u201eMohu z\u00edskat slevu?\u201c\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n

U\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 fr\u00e1ze pro m\u00e9n\u011b obvykl\u00e9 situace<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

P\u0159i cestov\u00e1n\u00ed mohou nastat r\u016fzn\u00e9 situace, p\u0159i kter\u00fdch je u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e9 zn\u00e1t n\u011bkolik dal\u0161\u00edch fr\u00e1z\u00ed. V p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nouze m\u016f\u017eeme \u0159\u00edci \u201e\u03c7\u03c1\u03b5\u03b9\u03ac\u03b6\u03bf\u03bc\u03b1\u03b9 \u03b3\u03b9\u03b1\u03c4\u03c1\u03cc\u201c (hri\u00e1zomai yiatr\u00f3) \u2013 \u201ePot\u0159ebuji l\u00e9ka\u0159e\u201c nebo \u201e\u03ba\u03b1\u03bb\u03ad\u03c3\u03c4\u03b5 \u03c4\u03b7\u03bd \u03b1\u03c3\u03c4\u03c5\u03bd\u03bf\u03bc\u03af\u03b1\u201c (kal\u00e9ste tin astynom\u00eda) \u2013 \u201eZavolejte policii\u201c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u011b\u017en\u00e1 fr\u00e1ze pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e1, kdy\u017e nerozum\u00edme tomu, co n\u011bkdo \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, je \u201e\u03b4\u03b5\u03bd\u201c \u03ba\u03b1\u03c4\u03b1\u03bb\u03b1\u03b2\u03b1\u03af\u03bd\u03c9\u201c (then katalav\u00e9no) \u2013 \u201eNerozum\u00edm.\u201c To je velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1 fr\u00e1ze k zapamatov\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Vydejte se na dovolenou do \u0158ecka<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159i dovolen\u00e9 v \u0158ecku v\u00e1m znalost z\u00e1kladn\u00edch fr\u00e1z\u00ed v m\u00edstn\u00edm jazyce m\u016f\u017ee v\u00fdrazn\u011b usnadnit a zp\u0159\u00edjemnit cestu. Od pozdrav\u016f p\u0159es objedn\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed j\u00eddla a\u017e po dotazy na cestu \u2013 z\u00e1kladn\u00ed \u0159eck\u00e9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":10041,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[182,29],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10040","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cestovani","category-poradenstvi"],"home_img_url":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/02\/dovolena-Recko-2-585x390.jpg","home_img_alt":"Dovolen\u00e1 v \u0158ecku","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10040","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10040"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10040\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10045,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10040\/revisions\/10045"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/10041"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10040"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10040"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10040"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}