{"id":11903,"date":"2026-05-30T09:55:55","date_gmt":"2026-05-30T07:55:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/?p=11903"},"modified":"2026-05-29T10:17:45","modified_gmt":"2026-05-29T08:17:45","slug":"chichen-itza-mexiko","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/chichen-itza-mexiko\/","title":{"rendered":"Objevte Chichen Itz\u00e1 v Mexiku: Co vid\u011bt v maysk\u00e9m m\u011bst\u011b"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Jedno z nejz\u00e1hadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, a p\u0159itom neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b fascinuj\u00edc\u00edch m\u00edst na Zemi \u2013 tak by se dal popsat Chichen Itz\u00e1, majest\u00e1tn\u00ed komplex v Mexiku. Toto starobyl\u00e9 maysk\u00e9 m\u011bsto odhaluje, \u017ee m\u00edstn\u00ed civilizace byla mnohem vysp\u011blej\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e si dok\u00e1\u017eeme p\u0159edstavit. Co tam vid\u011bt? M\u00e1me pro v\u00e1s tipy!<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historie Chichen Itz\u00e1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chichen Itz\u00e1 [\u010ci\u010den Ic\u00e1] pat\u0159\u00ed k nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm archeologick\u00fdm nalezi\u0161t\u00edm na mexick\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b Yucat\u00e1n<\/a>. Toto p\u0159edkolumbovsk\u00e9 m\u011bsto, zalo\u017een\u00e9 Mayi p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b v 6. stolet\u00ed n. l., se postupn\u011b vyvinulo v d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 politick\u00e9, hospod\u00e1\u0159sk\u00e9 i n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9 centrum regionu. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozkv\u011btu dos\u00e1hlo mezi 10. a 13. stolet\u00edm, kdy pat\u0159ilo k nejmocn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm maysk\u00fdm m\u011bst\u016fm. Dodnes zde m\u016f\u017eete obdivovat p\u016fsobiv\u00e9 stavby, pozoruhodn\u011b zachoval\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky i architektonick\u00e9 skvosty, kter\u00e9 sv\u011bd\u010d\u00ed o vysok\u00e9 vysp\u011blosti maysk\u00e9 civilizace. V roce 1988 bylo Chichen Itz\u00e1 zaps\u00e1no na seznam sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO a v roce 2007 se za\u0159adilo mezi nov\u00fdch sedm div\u016f sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kukulk\u00e1nova pyramida<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Kukulk\u00e1nova<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Kukulk\u00e1nova pyramida (El Castillo) je nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pam\u00e1tkou v Chich\u00e9n Itz\u00e1. Je to impozantn\u00ed stup\u0148ovit\u00e1 pyramida, vysok\u00e1 t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 30 metr\u016f, se \u010dty\u0159mi \u0161irok\u00fdmi schody vedouc\u00edmi na vrchol. Tato stavba byla zasv\u011bcena Kukulk\u00e1novi, ope\u0159en\u00e9mu had\u00edmu bohu, a hr\u00e1la kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v maysk\u00fdch n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch a astronomick\u00fdch ob\u0159adech. B\u011bhem jarn\u00ed a podzimn\u00ed rovnodennosti lze na schodech stavby pozorovat pozoruhodn\u00fd sv\u011bteln\u00fd efekt, kter\u00fd vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed iluzi plaziv\u00e9ho hada.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kukulk\u00e1nova pyramida nen\u00ed jen symbolem moci Chichen Itz\u00e1, ale tak\u00e9 d\u016fkazem pokro\u010dil\u00e9 maysk\u00e9 architektury. Stavba se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z dev\u00edti teras s chr\u00e1mem na vrcholu. Ka\u017ed\u00e1 ze \u010dty\u0159 stran pyramidy m\u00e1 91 schod\u016f, kter\u00e9 spolu s horn\u00ed terasou tvo\u0159\u00ed celkem 365 \u2013 co\u017e odpov\u00edd\u00e1 po\u010dtu dn\u00ed ve slune\u010dn\u00edm roce. Tato mimo\u0159\u00e1dn\u00e1 kombinace architektury a astronomie \u010din\u00ed z pozoruhodn\u00e9 stavby jednu z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pam\u00e1tek starov\u011bk\u00e9 maysk\u00e9 civilizace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chr\u00e1m v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk\u016f a Skupina tis\u00edce sloup\u016f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Chr\u00e1m v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk\u016f je dal\u0161\u00edm z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch m\u00edst v komplexu Chichen Itz\u00e1 . Byl postaven na \u010dtvercov\u00e9m p\u016fdorysu a jeho pr\u016f\u010del\u00ed zdob\u00ed \u010detn\u00e9 reli\u00e9fy zobrazuj\u00edc\u00ed v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edky, jagu\u00e1ry a orly. Tento chr\u00e1m byl m\u00edstem n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ob\u0159ad\u016f a poctou maysk\u00fdm v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk\u016fm. Na vrcholu pyramidy se nach\u00e1z\u00ed socha Chaac Moola \u2013 le\u017e\u00edc\u00edho v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edka dr\u017e\u00edc\u00edho n\u00e1dobu pro ob\u011btiny.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vedle Chr\u00e1mu v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk\u016f se nach\u00e1z\u00ed Skupina tis\u00edce sloup\u016f. Impozantn\u00ed sloupy r\u016fzn\u00fdch tvar\u016f a velikost\u00ed byly pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed velk\u00e9ho kryt\u00e9ho tr\u017ei\u0161t\u011b nebo m\u00edsta ve\u0159ejn\u00e9ho setk\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed. Mnoh\u00e9 z nich jsou bohat\u011b zdobeny reli\u00e9fy zobrazuj\u00edc\u00edmi v\u00fdjevy ze \u017eivota May\u016f a postavy boh\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Astronomick\u00e1 observato\u0159 El Caracol<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Maysk\u00e1<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

El Caracol byl postaven kolem roku 906 n. l. a p\u016fvodn\u011b jej Mayov\u00e9 pou\u017e\u00edvali k pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed oblohy a prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fdch astronomick\u00fdch m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed. Stavba, jej\u00edm\u017e st\u0159edem byla kruhov\u00e1 v\u011b\u017e na \u010dtvercov\u00e9 plo\u0161in\u011b, umo\u017e\u0148ovala pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed pohyb\u016f planet, hv\u011bzd a dal\u0161\u00edch astronomick\u00fdch jev\u016f. Okna a dve\u0159e observato\u0159e byly um\u00edst\u011bny tak, aby sledovaly d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 ud\u00e1losti, jako jsou slunovraty a rovnodennosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Hv\u011bzd\u00e1rna hr\u00e1la kl\u00ed\u010dovou roli v n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00e9m a spole\u010densk\u00e9m \u017eivot\u011b May\u016f. Pozorovan\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 jevy slou\u017eily k ur\u010den\u00ed dat d\u016fle\u017eit\u00fdch ob\u0159ad\u016f a ritu\u00e1l\u016f, stejn\u011b jako k p\u0159edpov\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed sez\u00f3nn\u00edch zm\u011bn a pov\u011btrnostn\u00edch podm\u00ednek. Maysk\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 znalosti byly neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b pokro\u010dil\u00e9 a m\u011bly hlubok\u00fd vliv na rozvoj jejich civilizace. El Caracol je nejlep\u0161\u00edm d\u016fkazem jejich dovednost\u00ed a inovac\u00ed v astronomii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rovnodennost a maysk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Maysk\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159 byl zalo\u017een na slo\u017eit\u00fdch astronomick\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtech, kter\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148ovaly sledovat pohyb Slunce, M\u011bs\u00edce i planet. V Chichen Itz\u00e1 hr\u00e1ly tyto znalosti d\u016fle\u017eitou roli p\u0159i pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eensk\u00fdch ob\u0159ad\u016f a dal\u0161\u00edch v\u00fdznamn\u00fdch ud\u00e1lost\u00ed. V\u00fdjime\u010dn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edkladem propojen\u00ed astronomie a architektury je Kukulk\u00e1nova pyramida. B\u011bhem jarn\u00ed a podzimn\u00ed rovnodennosti se na jej\u00edm schodi\u0161ti objevuje sv\u011bteln\u00fd efekt p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed sestup ope\u0159en\u00e9ho hada, boha Kukulk\u00e1na.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pr\u00e1v\u011b obdob\u00ed rovnodennost\u00ed pat\u0159\u00ed k nejzaj\u00edmav\u011bj\u0161\u00edm term\u00edn\u016fm pro n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu Chichen Itz\u00e1. Tis\u00edce n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016f sem p\u0159ij\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed sledovat hru sv\u011btla a st\u00ednu, kter\u00e1 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed iluzi plaz\u00edc\u00edho se hada. Tento pozoruhodn\u00fd jev b\u00fdv\u00e1 pova\u017eov\u00e1n za d\u016fkaz pokro\u010dil\u00fdch astronomick\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a stavebn\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed May\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chichen Itz\u00e1 na seznamu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"Maysk\u00fd<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Chichen Itz\u00e1 bylo v roce 1988 zaps\u00e1no na seznam sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO<\/a>, co\u017e zd\u016fraz\u0148uje jeho nesm\u00edrn\u00fd kulturn\u00ed a historick\u00fd v\u00fdznam. Toto p\u0159edkolumbovsk\u00e9 m\u011bsto, zalo\u017een\u00e9 Mayi, je jedn\u00edm z nejl\u00e9pe dochovan\u00fdch a nejp\u016fsobiv\u011bj\u0161\u00edch archeologick\u00fdch nalezi\u0161\u0165 v Mexiku<\/a> a jeho za\u0159azen\u00ed na seznam tak\u00e9 uzn\u00e1v\u00e1 jeho jedine\u010dnou hodnotu a pot\u0159ebu chr\u00e1nit ho pro budouc\u00ed generace.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se na toto m\u00edsto sj\u00ed\u017ed\u011bj\u00ed tis\u00edce cestovatel\u016f, aby obdivovali jej\u00ed velkolepou architekturu a objevili bohatou historii maysk\u00e9 civilizace<\/a>. Chichen Itz\u00e1 nen\u00ed jen pam\u00e1tkou, ale tak\u00e9 symbolem minulosti, inspiruj\u00edc\u00edm a podmaniv\u00fdm svou jedine\u010dnost\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chichen Itz\u00e1 jako jeden ze sedmi nov\u00fdch div\u016f sv\u011bta<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Komplex Chichen Itz\u00e1 byl v roce 2007 jmenov\u00e1n jedn\u00edm ze sedmi nov\u00fdch div\u016f sv\u011bta<\/a>. Toto vyznamen\u00e1n\u00ed je d\u00e1no v\u00fdjime\u010dnou kulturn\u00ed, historickou a architektonickou hodnotou.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Chichen Itz\u00e1 nejen ohromuje svou architekturou, ale tak\u00e9 umo\u017e\u0148uje n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk\u016fm nahl\u00e9dnout do \u017eivota, v\u00edry a \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f May\u016f. Kukulk\u00e1nova pyramida, Chr\u00e1m v\u00e1le\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, observato\u0159 El Caracol a \u0159ada dal\u0161\u00edch staveb tvo\u0159\u00ed komplex, kter\u00fd je d\u016fkazem pokro\u010dil\u00fdch znalost\u00ed a dovednost\u00ed t\u00e9to starov\u011bk\u00e9 civilizace. N\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bva tohoto m\u00edsta pat\u0159\u00ed mezi hlavn\u00ed v\u011bci, kter\u00e9 v Mexiku za\u017e\u00edt<\/a>. Nab\u00edz\u00ed nejen mo\u017enost vid\u011bt n\u011bkter\u00e9 z nejv\u00fdznamn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch pam\u00e1tek sv\u011bta, ale tak\u00e9 pochopit, jak Mayov\u00e9 vn\u00edmali vesm\u00edr a svou p\u0159\u00edtomnost v n\u011bm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\n
Vydat se na Yucat\u00e1n<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jedno z nejz\u00e1hadn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch, a p\u0159itom neuv\u011b\u0159iteln\u011b fascinuj\u00edc\u00edch m\u00edst na Zemi \u2013 tak by se dal popsat Chichen Itz\u00e1, majest\u00e1tn\u00ed komplex v Mexiku. Toto starobyl\u00e9 maysk\u00e9 m\u011bsto odhaluje, \u017ee m\u00edstn\u00ed civilizace…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":54,"featured_media":11905,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_lmt_disableupdate":"","_lmt_disable":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[182],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-11903","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cestovani"],"home_img_url":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/mayske-mesto-Chichen-Itza-v-Mexiku-585x390.jpg","home_img_alt":"maysk\u00e9 m\u011bsto Chichen Itz\u00e1 v Mexiku","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11903","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/54"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11903"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11903\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":11908,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/11903\/revisions\/11908"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/11905"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11903"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=11903"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.tui.cz\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=11903"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}